Donald Rumsfeld

Donald Rumsfeld was an American politician and businessman who served as U.S. secretary of defense under Presidents Gerald Ford and George W. Bush. He shaped U.S. policy during the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq.

Gerald Ford: Gerald Ford was the 38th president of the United States, serving from 1974 to 1977. Ford appointed Rumsfeld secretary of defense in 1975.
September 11 attacks: The September 11 attacks were coordinated terrorist attacks by al-Qaeda against the United States in 2001. The attacks transformed Rumsfeld’s agenda and prompted the U.S. military campaign in Afghanistan.
Rumsfeld's rules: Rumsfeld's rules are maxims on leadership and government compiled from his notes and public statements. They distill the management principles he presented during his political career.
United States House of Representatives: The United States House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the U.S. Congress, whose members are elected by district. Rumsfeld represented Illinois in the House from 1963 to 1969.
Powell Doctrine: The Powell Doctrine is a military-policy approach favoring clear objectives, overwhelming force, and broad public support before intervention. It contrasts with Rumsfeld's preference for smaller, more flexible forces in Iraq.
George W. Bush: George W. Bush was the 43rd president of the United States, serving from 2001 to 2009. Bush selected Rumsfeld to lead the Pentagon during the September 11 attacks and ensuing wars.
War in Afghanistan: The War in Afghanistan began in 2001 with a U.S.-led invasion to topple the Taliban government and disrupt al-Qaeda. Rumsfeld directed the Pentagon during the invasion and its early aftermath.
Known unknowns: Known unknowns are uncertainties recognized as gaps in existing knowledge. Rumsfeld popularized the phrase in a 2002 briefing about intelligence and uncertainty.
Office of Economic Opportunity: The Office of Economic Opportunity was a U.S. agency that administered major programs of the War on Poverty. Rumsfeld directed the agency under President Richard Nixon before moving into senior White House roles.
Vietnam War: The Vietnam War was a prolonged conflict in which the United States intervened militarily in support of South Vietnam. Rumsfeld's advocacy of a lean force structure drew criticism when Iraq became a protracted occupation.

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