Drip irrigation

Drip irrigation delivers water slowly through pipes and emitters near plant roots. It wets selected soil zones rather than flooding an entire field.

Drip emitter: A small outlet that releases water from an irrigation line at a controlled rate. Emitters determine where water leaves the line and how quickly it reaches plants.
Microirrigation: Irrigation that applies small amounts of water close to plants through low-flow outlets. Drip irrigation is one of the principal forms of microirrigation.
Furrow irrigation: A surface-irrigation method that sends water along shallow channels between crop rows. Unlike drip irrigation, it distributes water through open channels across the field.
Emitter clogging: The blockage or partial obstruction of an irrigation emitter by particles, minerals, or biological growth. Clogging makes water delivery uneven and is a central maintenance risk for drip systems.
Simcha Blass: An Israeli water engineer who helped develop modern drip irrigation. Blass advanced the idea of delivering water slowly through outlets rather than allowing leaks to run freely.
Pressure regulator: A device that reduces and stabilizes fluid pressure downstream. Stable pressure helps emitters deliver water at their intended rates.
Greenhouse: A structure with controlled environmental conditions for growing plants. Drip systems precisely supply water to greenhouse crops grown in beds or containers.
Sprinkler irrigation: Irrigation that sprays water through the air from pressurized nozzles. Sprinklers wet foliage and broad areas, while drip systems target soil near roots.
Salinity management: Practices that control salt accumulation in soil and irrigation water. Localized wetting can concentrate salts near the edge of the wetted zone.
Netafim: An Israeli irrigation company founded in 1965 and associated with commercial drip-irrigation development. The company helped turn drip irrigation into a widely marketed agricultural system.

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