Dubbing

Dubbing is the replacement or addition of recorded dialogue or other sound in a film after filming, often to match actors’ performances or translate speech.

Automated Dialogue Replacement: A postproduction process in which performers rerecord dialogue to replace or improve sound recorded during filming. It is the standard method for replacing an actor’s original production dialogue.
Film Localization: The adaptation of a film for audiences in another language or cultural setting. Dubbing is one of the main ways films are localized for foreign-language markets.
The Jazz Singer: A 1927 American musical film known for its use of synchronized spoken dialogue and songs. Its success accelerated the transition to sound films, creating new dialogue-recording problems.
Subtitle: A written caption on screen that transcribes or translates spoken dialogue. Subtitles retain the original voices while dubbing replaces them with recorded speech.
Lip Sync: The synchronization of visible mouth movements with speech or music. Matching translated syllables to visible mouth movements makes dubbed dialogue appear spoken on screen.
Foreign-Language Film: A film whose dialogue is primarily in a language different from that of a particular audience. Dubbing lets audiences follow its dialogue without reading subtitles.
Multilingual Version: A film separately produced in multiple languages, often using different casts for each version. These versions were an early alternative to dubbing foreign dialogue.
Voice-Over Translation: A translation technique that overlays translated speech while leaving the original dialogue audible underneath. It offers a less complete replacement of the original soundtrack than dubbing.
Foley: The performance and recording of everyday sound effects for film and television postproduction. Foley adds synchronized footsteps, clothing sounds, and other effects alongside replacement dialogue.
ADR Loop Group: A group of performers who record background voices and crowd dialogue during postproduction. Loop groups create additional voices when location sound is missing or unusable.

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