Duttaphrynus melanostictus

Duttaphrynus melanostictus is a widespread Asian toad, also called the Asian common toad. It is recognized by dark-tipped warts and prominent ridges above its eyes.

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Duttaphrynus: Duttaphrynus is a genus of true toads native to South and Southeast Asia. This genus contains the Asian common toad and several related species.
Amplexus: Amplexus is the mating embrace in which a male amphibian clasps a female, often during egg laying. Males clasp females during breeding before eggs are released into water.
Invasive species: An invasive species is a non-native organism that spreads and causes ecological, economic, or health harms. The toad's introduced populations can affect native wildlife and ecosystems.
Duttaphrynus stomaticus: Duttaphrynus stomaticus is a South Asian toad in the same genus as the Asian common toad. It is a close regional relative that can be confused with the Asian common toad.
Bufonidae: Bufonidae is a family of anuran amphibians commonly known as true toads. The Asian common toad belongs to this family of terrestrial, often warty amphibians.
Tadpole: A tadpole is the aquatic larval stage of a frog or toad, usually equipped with a tail and gills. The species' larvae develop in water before metamorphosing into juvenile toads.
Biological invasion of Madagascar: The biological invasion of Madagascar is the spread of introduced organisms into the island's ecosystems. Introduced Asian common toads have established populations near Madagascar's port city of Toamasina.
Duttaphrynus himalayanus: Duttaphrynus himalayanus is a high-altitude toad native to parts of the Himalayas. Its montane distribution contrasts with the Asian common toad's broad range of habitats.
Anura: Anura is the amphibian order comprising frogs and toads, typically lacking tails as adults. This species shares the tailless adult body plan of all frogs and toads.
Bufo bufo: Bufo bufo, the common toad, is a widespread European and western Asian true toad. Unlike this Asian species, it is native mainly to Europe and has different regional breeding patterns.