Egalitarianism

Egalitarianism is the view that people are fundamentally equal and should receive equal rights, status, opportunities, or shares of social goods.

Moral Equality: The principle that people have equal fundamental moral worth. It supplies the basic claim that egalitarian political and social arrangements seek to honor.
Distributive Justice: The branch of justice concerned with how benefits, burdens, opportunities, and resources are allocated. Egalitarianism is one family of answers to distributive justice.
Libertarianism: A political philosophy that gives strong priority to individual liberty and property rights, limiting coercive redistribution. Its objections to redistribution sharpen disputes over egalitarian economic policy.
Universal Suffrage: The extension of voting rights to all adult citizens, subject to limited lawful qualifications. It gives political equality a direct institutional form through equal voting rights.
John Rawls: An American political philosopher whose theory of justice gives priority to equal basic liberties and benefits the least advantaged. His difference principle makes inequalities answerable to the interests of the worst-off.
Equality Before the Law: The principle that laws apply equally to all people and protect them without unjustified discrimination. It expresses egalitarianism through equal legal standing rather than identical outcomes.
Equality: A relation in which relevant things are the same in amount, status, treatment, or opportunity. Egalitarianism applies the broader idea of equality to persons and social arrangements.
Meritocracy: A system in which positions and rewards are allocated according to assessed ability and achievement. Its promise of reward by merit can preserve unequal outcomes that egalitarians question.
Civil Rights Movement: A broad campaign in the United States to end racial discrimination and secure equal rights, especially during the 1950s and 1960s. Its campaigns challenged racial subordination and demanded equal citizenship.
Elizabeth Anderson: An American philosopher known for defending relational equality and criticizing luck egalitarianism. Her work shifts attention from equalizing luck to ending oppressive social relations.

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