Electoral fraud

Electoral fraud consists of illegal or deceptive acts intended to distort an election’s conduct or outcome, such as vote buying, ballot tampering, or falsifying results.

Vote buying: Offering money, goods, or favors in exchange for a voter’s choice or participation. It directly manipulates voter behavior before ballots are cast.
United States presidential election of 1876: A contested U.S. presidential election resolved through a commission and political compromise. Disputed returns and allegations of fraud made the result a national crisis.
Electoral integrity: The degree to which elections meet accepted standards of fairness, legality, and transparency. Fraud is a direct breach of the standards electoral integrity measures.
Gerrymandering: The drawing of electoral district boundaries to advantage a political group or party. It manipulates electoral competition through district design, not necessarily illegal voting or counting.
Ballot stuffing: Illicitly adding ballots to an election count or ballot box. It increases recorded votes without corresponding legitimate votes.
United States presidential election of 1960: The close U.S. presidential contest won by John F. Kennedy over Richard Nixon. Allegations of irregularities in some states became a prominent post-election dispute.
Voter suppression: Actions that obstruct or discourage eligible people from casting ballots. It distorts participation by keeping votes out rather than falsifying votes cast.
Campaign finance violations: Breaches of laws governing political donations, spending, or disclosure. They may distort competition but do not necessarily involve manipulating votes or results.
Voter impersonation: Casting a ballot by falsely claiming another eligible voter’s identity. It turns another person’s registration into an unauthorized vote.
United States presidential election of 2000: The U.S. presidential election decided after a recount dispute in Florida and a Supreme Court ruling. Ballot design, counting procedures, and disputed results shaped public controversy.

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