Electric generator

An electric generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through electromagnetic induction. Its moving conductors and magnetic fields produce an induced voltage that can drive electric current.

Electromagnetic induction: The production of an electromotive force by changing magnetic flux through a circuit. The generator’s fundamental energy-conversion mechanism is electromagnetic induction.
Magnetic field: A physical field that exerts magnetic forces on moving charges, currents, and magnetic materials. A generator needs a magnetic field that its conductors can move through.
Alternator: An electric generator that produces alternating current. Alternators are widely used where generators must supply alternating-current power.
Electric motor: A machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical motion. A motor reverses the generator’s usual direction of energy conversion.
Faraday's law of induction: A law stating that induced electromotive force is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux. It quantifies how quickly changing flux produces generator voltage.
Electric current: The rate at which electric charge flows through a surface. Induced voltage produces current when the generator’s circuit is closed.
Direct-current generator: An electric generator that delivers direct current at its output terminals. Commutators let this generator supply unidirectional current.
Transformer: A device that transfers electrical energy between circuits through electromagnetic induction. Unlike a generator, it changes electrical voltage without converting mechanical input.
Magnetic flux: A measure of the magnetic field passing through a specified surface. Generator voltage arises when rotor motion changes flux through windings.
Electric circuit: A conducting path that allows electric charge to flow. A complete circuit carries generator current to a load.

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