Electric light

Electric light is visible illumination generated by electrically powered sources. It includes technologies that produce light through heated filaments, gas discharges, and semiconductor processes.

Incandescent lamp: An electric lamp that produces light by heating a filament until it glows. Its hot filament converts electrical power into light and heat.
Street lighting: The illumination of roads and public spaces for nighttime use and safety. Electric lamps made continuous, centrally powered outdoor illumination practical.
Arc lamp: An electric lamp that produces light from an arc between electrodes. Early arc lamps brought intense electric illumination to streets and large spaces.
Gas lighting: Illumination produced by burning fuel gas in lamps or mantles. It was a major urban alternative to electric light before electrification.
Fluorescent lamp: A gas-discharge lamp in which ultraviolet radiation excites a phosphor coating to emit visible light. It produces light through a discharge and wavelength-converting phosphor.
Lighting design: The planning of illumination to meet visual, functional, and aesthetic goals. It applies electric sources by balancing brightness, distribution, color, and comfort.
Joseph Swan: An English physicist and chemist who developed an early practical incandescent lamp. His work helped establish filament lighting alongside Thomas Edison’s.
Candle: A portable light source that burns a wick embedded in solid or semi-solid fuel. Its flame provides illumination without electrical power.
Light-emitting diode: A semiconductor device that emits light when electric current passes through it. It generates light by electron-hole recombination rather than heating a filament.
Stage lighting: The controlled illumination of performers and scenery in theatrical and live events. Electric control enables changes in intensity, color, and direction during performance.

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