Electric potential difference

Electric potential difference between two points is the change in electric potential from one point to the other. It equals the work per unit charge required to move a test charge between them, with sign set by direction.

Electric potential: Electric potential is electric potential energy per unit charge at a point in an electric field. A difference in this pointwise quantity defines the voltage between two locations.
Coulomb: The coulomb is the SI unit of electric charge. Potential difference is defined per unit charge, measured in coulombs.
Ohm's law: Ohm's law relates voltage, current, and resistance for an ohmic conductor. It predicts current from the potential difference across a resistor.
Electric current: Electric current is the rate at which electric charge passes a point. Current describes charge flow, whereas potential difference describes energy change per charge.
Electric field: An electric field is a vector field describing the force per unit positive charge at each point. The field integrated along a path gives the potential change, with a sign set by direction.
Joule: The joule is the SI unit of energy and work. The work in the voltage definition is measured in joules.
Kirchhoff's circuit laws: Kirchhoff's circuit laws express conservation of charge and energy in electrical networks. Their loop rule tracks potential rises and drops around a closed circuit.
Electrical resistance: Electrical resistance measures how strongly a component opposes current for a given voltage. Resistance relates voltage to current but is not itself a voltage.
Electric potential energy: Electric potential energy is energy associated with a charge's position in an electric field. Voltage measures the change in this energy per unit charge.
Volt: The volt is the SI unit of electric potential difference, equal to one joule per coulomb. It expresses the energy change associated with each coulomb transferred.

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