Electric vehicle

A vehicle propelled wholly or partly by electric motors, drawing electricity from batteries, fuel cells, overhead wires, or another source.

Electric motor: A machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical motion. It turns electrical power into the torque that propels an electric vehicle.
Battery electric vehicle: A vehicle propelled by electric motors using electricity stored in rechargeable batteries. It is the all-electric form that depends on stored battery energy rather than onboard fuel.
Electric car: A passenger automobile propelled wholly or partly by electric motors. Passenger cars are the most visible consumer application of electric propulsion.
Internal combustion engine: An engine that burns fuel inside a chamber to produce mechanical power. It is the conventional propulsion technology that electric drivetrains can replace or supplement.
Lithium-ion battery: A rechargeable battery that moves lithium ions between electrodes to store and release electrical energy. It is the dominant energy-storage technology in battery electric cars.
Hybrid electric vehicle: A vehicle combining an electric motor with an internal-combustion engine or another non-electric power source. It represents the partly electric propulsion included in the broader definition.
Electric bus: A bus propelled by electric motors using onboard energy storage or an external electrical supply. Buses can use batteries or overhead power on fixed urban routes.
Hydrogen vehicle: A vehicle powered using hydrogen, typically through a fuel cell or by burning hydrogen in an engine. It can share electric motors with battery vehicles while storing energy in a different form.
Regenerative braking: A braking method that converts some kinetic energy into electrical energy for storage or immediate use. It recovers energy that conventional friction brakes would mostly dissipate as heat.
Plug-in hybrid: A hybrid vehicle whose battery can be charged from an external electricity supply. External charging lets this hybrid travel electrically before relying more heavily on its other power source.

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