Electricity

Electricity is a set of physical phenomena associated with electric charge, including its presence, motion, and interactions. It encompasses effects such as electric fields, currents, and electrical energy transfer.

Electric charge: A fundamental property of matter that determines its electromagnetic interactions. Charge is the property behind every electrical force and current.
Electric potential: The electric potential energy per unit charge at a point in an electric field. Potential differences indicate how much energy charge can transfer.
Electric circuit: An arrangement of connected components through which electric current can flow. Circuits control current to perform practical electrical work.
Magnetism: Physical phenomena arising from magnetic fields, magnetic materials, and moving electric charges. Electricity and magnetism are distinct effects unified within electromagnetism.
Coulomb's law: A law describing the electrostatic force between point charges as proportional to their product and inversely proportional to distance squared. It quantifies the force between stationary charges.
Voltage: The electric potential difference between two points. Voltage measures the potential difference that can drive charge through a circuit.
Ohm's law: A relation stating that current through an ohmic conductor is proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance. It predicts circuit behavior when voltage and resistance are known.
Static electricity: Electrical effects caused by an imbalance of electric charge that remains localized on an object. It contrasts charge accumulation with the continuous flow associated with current.
Electric field: A vector field that gives the electric force per unit positive charge at each point. Fields describe how charges exert electrical influence across space.
Electrical resistance: A measure of how strongly a material or component opposes electric current. Resistance determines how much current flows for a given voltage.

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