Electromagnetic field calculations

Electromagnetic field calculations determine electric and magnetic fields from their sources, material properties, and boundary conditions using analytical or numerical methods.

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Maxwell's equations: Four equations relating electric and magnetic fields to charge, current, and changing fields. They provide the fundamental laws that field calculations solve.
Electric charge: A conserved physical property that produces and responds to electromagnetic interaction. Charge density is a source term for electric fields.
Antenna: A device that transmits or receives electromagnetic waves through electrical currents and fields. Field calculations predict antenna radiation patterns, impedance, and near fields.
Electrostatics: The study of electric fields and charges that are stationary or vary slowly enough to neglect induction. It is a simplified field-calculation regime with no time-varying magnetic induction.
Boundary-value problem: A differential equation problem specified by conditions on the boundary of its domain. Electromagnetic solutions depend on field conditions at material interfaces and domain edges.
Electric current: The rate at which electric charge flows through a surface or circuit. Current density generates magnetic fields and enters Maxwell's equations.
Electromagnetic compatibility: The ability of electronic equipment to operate without unacceptable electromagnetic interference. Computed fields help assess emissions, coupling, and susceptibility between devices.
Magnetostatics: The study of steady magnetic fields produced by time-independent currents and magnetization. It isolates static magnetic problems from full time-dependent electromagnetic calculations.
Green's function: A response function that constructs solutions to linear differential equations from localized sources. It converts electromagnetic source distributions into fields for suitable geometries and boundary conditions.
Permittivity: A material property describing how an electric field induces electric polarization. It determines how electric fields behave and propagate within materials.