Electronic lock

An electronic lock uses electronic controls or credentials to grant or deny access, often by operating a mechanical bolt or latch.

Access control: The selective regulation of entry to physical spaces or digital resources. Electronic locks act as endpoints in systems that decide who may enter.
Radio-frequency identification: A technology that identifies objects using radio waves and electronic tags. Many contactless lock credentials use RFID tags or cards.
Smart lock: An electronic lock that connects to phones, networks, or home-automation systems for remote control or monitoring. Connected features extend electronic locking beyond local keypad or card control.
Mechanical lock: A lock whose operation depends on mechanical parts rather than electronic authorization or control. It provides a key-operated alternative that does not depend on electronic power or circuitry.
Credential: An object, code, or data used to establish an identity or authorization. The lock checks a credential before granting access.
Near-field communication: A short-range wireless technology that exchanges data between nearby devices. Some locks accept access credentials transmitted by a phone over NFC.
Keypad lock: A lock that accepts a numeric code entered on a keypad as an access credential. Keypads provide code-based entry without requiring a physical key or card.
Electric lock: A lock whose locking state or release is controlled by electrical power. The term overlaps with electronic lock but can describe simpler electrically actuated hardware.
Electromagnetic lock: A lock that holds a door closed using magnetic attraction between an electromagnet and an armature plate. It is a common electronic locking mechanism that releases when electrical power is interrupted.
Biometrics: The measurement and statistical analysis of distinctive biological or behavioral traits. Fingerprint and facial traits can serve as credentials for electronic locks.

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