Electric potential energy

Electric potential energy is energy associated with the positions of charges in an electric field or with the arrangement of charges in a system. It changes when charges move relative to one another.

Electric potential: Electric potential is electric potential energy per unit charge at a location in an electric field. Multiplying potential by a charge gives its electric potential energy at that location.
Electric charge: Electric charge is a fundamental property of matter that produces and responds to electromagnetic forces. Charge determines both the interaction strength and the sign of electric potential energy.
Capacitor: A capacitor is a device that stores separated electric charge and energy in an electric field. Its stored energy is electric potential energy associated with separated charges.
Gravitational potential energy: Gravitational potential energy is energy associated with positions in a gravitational field or with the arrangement of masses. It has a similar position-dependent structure, but arises from gravity rather than electric interaction.
Coulomb's law: Coulomb's law gives the force between two stationary point charges in terms of their charges and separation. The force between charges determines how their potential energy changes with separation.
Joule: The joule is the SI unit of energy and work. Electric potential energy is measured in joules, like other forms of energy.
Capacitance: Capacitance measures how much charge a conductor or capacitor stores per unit potential difference. It determines stored energy through charge, voltage, and geometry.
Kinetic energy: Kinetic energy is the energy an object has because of its motion. Electric potential energy can convert into kinetic energy as charges move.
Electric field: An electric field is a vector field describing the electric force per unit positive charge at each point. The field links a charge's motion to changes in its potential energy.
Elementary charge: The elementary charge is the magnitude of the charge of a proton or electron. It sets the charge scale used in many microscopic energy calculations.

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