Elementary algebra

Elementary algebra uses symbols to represent numbers and relationships, teaching operations, equations, inequalities, and functions. It extends arithmetic by allowing quantities and rules to be expressed generally.

Variable (mathematics): A symbol representing a number or quantity that may vary or remain unknown. Variables let algebra express unknown values and general numerical relationships.
Linear equation: An equation whose variable terms have degree one. Solving linear equations is a central method for finding unknown values.
Function (mathematics): A relation assigning exactly one output to each permitted input. Function notation organizes input-output rules introduced in elementary algebra.
Arithmetic: The study and practice of numerical operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Algebra generalizes arithmetic by representing numbers and operations with symbols.
Algebraic expression: A combination of numbers, variables, and operations that represents a quantity. Expressions are the basic symbolic objects manipulated before an equation is solved.
System of linear equations: A set of linear equations whose variables must satisfy every equation simultaneously. Systems extend equation solving to multiple linked conditions.
Coordinate plane: A plane in which points are located by ordered numerical coordinates. It provides a visual setting for equations and functions.
Geometry: The branch of mathematics concerned with shapes, sizes, positions, and spatial relationships. Geometry emphasizes spatial objects, while elementary algebra emphasizes symbolic relationships.
Like terms: Terms containing the same variables raised to the same powers. Combining like terms simplifies expressions without changing their values.
Inequality (mathematics): A statement comparing quantities using relations such as less than or greater than. Inequalities describe ranges of values rather than only exact solutions.

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