Emmeline Pankhurst

Emmeline Pankhurst was a British political activist who led a militant campaign for women’s suffrage and founded the Women’s Social and Political Union in 1903.

Christabel Pankhurst: A British suffragette and political organizer who helped lead the Women’s Social and Political Union. Her daughter became the WSPU’s chief strategist and a prominent militant campaigner.
Women’s Social and Political Union: A British women’s suffrage organization founded in 1903, known for militant direct action and the slogan “Deeds, not words.” Pankhurst founded and led the organization that became the main vehicle for her campaign.
Manchester National Society for Women's Suffrage: A suffrage organization founded in Manchester in 1867 that campaigned for women’s voting rights through constitutional methods. Pankhurst joined this organization before founding a more confrontational group.
Representation of the People Act 1918: A British law that enfranchised some women over thirty and greatly expanded the male electorate. It granted a limited vote to women after decades of campaigning that included Pankhurst’s movement.
Sylvia Pankhurst: A British socialist, artist, and campaigner for women’s suffrage and working-class rights. Her organizing among working-class women eventually brought her into conflict with her mother’s leadership.
Suffragette: A British woman who campaigned for the vote through the militant suffrage movement, especially the WSPU. The label came to distinguish the WSPU’s militant campaigners from constitutional suffragists.
Women's Franchise League: A British organization founded in 1889 that campaigned for married women’s voting rights in local elections. Pankhurst helped establish the league with Richard Pankhurst after earlier suffrage organizing.
Equal Franchise Act 1928: A British law that gave women voting rights on the same terms as men, at age twenty-one. It completed the equal voting rights that Pankhurst’s campaign had sought.
Richard Pankhurst: A British lawyer and politician who supported women’s rights and married Emmeline Pankhurst. His advocacy and political connections helped form the family’s early suffrage activism.
Cat and Mouse Act: The 1913 Prisoners (Temporary Discharge for Ill Health) Act, which allowed sick hunger strikers to be released and rearrested after recovery. It was a state response to hunger strikes by imprisoned WSPU activists.

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