Emperor Go-Toba

Emperor Go-Toba was Japan’s 82nd emperor, reigning from 1183 to 1198, and a poet and patron of court culture. He commissioned the imperial anthology Shin Kokin Wakashū and led the failed Jōkyū War against the Kamakura shogunate.

Fujiwara no Teika: A Japanese poet and critic who helped compile the Shin Kokin Wakashū and shaped later traditions of waka poetry. Go-Toba selected Teika as one of the anthology’s principal compilers, though their relationship later deteriorated.
Shin Kokin Wakashū: An imperial anthology of Japanese poetry completed in the early thirteenth century. Go-Toba commissioned and closely supervised this major collection of waka.
Imperial anthology: A poetry collection commissioned or sponsored by a Japanese emperor and compiled by court poets. Go-Toba used the institution of imperial anthologies to shape poetic taste and court prestige.
Rokuhara Tandai: The Kamakura shogunate’s military and administrative office in Kyoto, established after the Jōkyū War. The shogunate strengthened its direct oversight of the capital after defeating Go-Toba.
Fujiwara no Ietaka: A court poet and one of the compilers of the Shin Kokin Wakashū. Ietaka belonged to the circle of poets Go-Toba gathered around his anthology project.
Jōkyū War: A 1221 conflict in which forces loyal to the retired emperor Go-Toba challenged the Kamakura shogunate. The revolt was Go-Toba’s attempt to recover political power from the shogunate.
Waka: A traditional Japanese poetic form, especially the 31-syllable tanka pattern. Waka was the central poetic form cultivated in Go-Toba’s literary projects.
Jōkyū War exiles: Members of the defeated imperial faction banished from Kyoto after the Jōkyū War. Go-Toba’s defeat brought exile and political dispossession to him and his allies.
Minamoto no Sanetomo: The third shogun of the Kamakura shogunate, who also wrote poetry in the court tradition. Sanetomo’s poetic ties to Go-Toba coexisted with the political rivalry that ended in the Jōkyū War.
Shōkyū no ran: An alternative Japanese name for the 1221 conflict between Go-Toba’s court and the Kamakura shogunate. This name emphasizes the era designation used for the failed uprising.

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