Emperor Wu of Song

Emperor Wu of Song, born Liu Yu, founded the Liu Song dynasty and ruled China from 420 to 422 after ending the Eastern Jin dynasty.

Liu Yu: Liu Yu was the birth name of Emperor Wu of Song and a general who founded the Liu Song dynasty. His military career and political ascent preceded his accession as emperor.
Abdication of Emperor Gong of Jin: Emperor Gong of Jin formally yielded the throne to Liu Yu in 420, ending the Eastern Jin dynasty. This transfer made Liu Yu emperor without a conventional conquest of the capital.
Southern dynasties: The Southern dynasties were a succession of regimes that ruled southern China from 420 to 589. The Liu Song dynasty founded the southern phase of this period.
Emperor An of Jin: Emperor An of Jin ruled the Eastern Jin dynasty from 396 to 418. His reign gave Liu Yu the opportunity to dominate the Jin court as a powerful general.
Expedition to Chang’an (416–417): Liu Yu’s expedition to Chang’an defeated Later Qin and briefly restored southern control over the former Qin capital. The campaign demonstrated the reach of his forces before his imperial accession.
Eastern Jin dynasty: The Eastern Jin dynasty ruled southern China from 317 to 420. Liu Yu rose within its military establishment before replacing its final ruler.
Liu Song dynasty: The Liu Song dynasty ruled southern China from 420 to 479 as the first of the Southern dynasties. Liu Yu established this dynasty and its imperial court.
Emperor Wen of Song: Emperor Wen of Song was Liu Yilong, who ruled the Liu Song dynasty from 424 to 453. His long reign extended the dynasty founded by Liu Yu.
Emperor Gong of Jin: Emperor Gong of Jin was the last ruler of the Eastern Jin dynasty, reigning from 418 to 420. Liu Yu received the throne from him to establish Liu Song.
Battle of Fei River: The Battle of Fei River was an Eastern Jin victory over Former Qin in 383. Unlike Liu Yu’s campaigns, this earlier victory preserved Jin rule without replacing its dynasty.

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