English law

English law is the legal system of England, developed through statutes, customary rules, and judicial decisions. It is a major source of common-law traditions worldwide.

Common law: A legal tradition in which judicial decisions and precedent are central sources of law. English law is a foundational common-law system, though statutes also shape it.
Supreme Court of the United Kingdom: The United Kingdom's highest court for most civil cases and some criminal appeals. Its rulings can settle major questions of English law.
Anglo-Saxon law: The laws and legal customs of England before the Norman Conquest of 1066. Local customs and early royal justice preceded the common-law system.
Contract law of England and Wales: The rules governing agreements and contractual obligations in England and Wales. It demonstrates how precedent and legislation shape private bargains.
Scots law: The distinct legal system of Scotland, shaped by civil-law and common-law influences. The United Kingdom has separate English and Scottish legal systems.
Statutory law: Law enacted by a legislature through statutes. Acts of Parliament create rules that courts interpret and apply.
Court of Appeal of England and Wales: The appellate court that reviews decisions from lower courts in England and Wales. Its judgments bind many courts below it in the hierarchy.
Norman Conquest: The conquest of England by William, Duke of Normandy, in 1066. Norman rule strengthened royal administration and centralized justice.
Tort law of England and Wales: The law governing civil liability for harms such as negligence and defamation. Its doctrines provide remedies outside contractual relationships.
Northern Ireland law: The distinct legal system operating in Northern Ireland. English law does not govern Northern Ireland, which has its own courts and legislation.

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