Engraving

Engraving is an image-making technique in which lines are cut or scratched into a hard surface. The incised lines can hold ink for printing or remain visible on the surface.

Buril: A pointed engraving tool used to cut lines into a metal plate. Its controlled cuts create the grooves that hold printing ink.
Printmaking: The creation of images by transferring ink from a prepared surface to another material, usually paper. Engraving belongs to this broader set of image-making methods.
Niello: A decorative technique that fills incised metal lines with a dark sulfide mixture. It links early metal engraving to ornament and, sometimes, printed impressions.
Reproductive engraving: The use of engraved prints to reproduce and distribute images by other artists. Engravers translated paintings and drawings into widely circulated printed versions.
Etching: An intaglio printmaking method that uses acid to bite exposed lines into a metal plate. It can resemble engraving, but acid rather than a burin makes its lines.
Intaglio: A family of printmaking methods in which ink is transferred from recessed lines or areas. Engraving is one intaglio process: its ink sits in incised lines.
Intaglio printing: A printing process in which ink is transferred from recessed parts of a prepared surface. This is the printing principle shared by metal-plate engraving and related methods.
Master of the Playing Cards: The name given to an anonymous German engraver active around the mid-fifteenth century. His surviving prints show early engraving as an independent European print medium.
Banknote: A negotiable paper document issued by a central bank or other monetary authority. Fine engraved lines have served currency security and made counterfeiting harder.
Drypoint: An intaglio technique that scratches lines into a plate, raising a burr that holds ink. Its burr creates a velvety line unlike the cleaner groove of engraving.

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