Nosebleed

A nosebleed is bleeding from the lining inside the nose, medically called epistaxis. It can arise from the front or back of the nasal cavity.

Kiesselbach's plexus: A network of blood vessels on the front part of the nasal septum. This vessel network is the most common source of nosebleeds.
Anterior nosebleed: A nosebleed originating in the front portion of the nasal cavity. Most nosebleeds are anterior and can often be controlled with direct pressure.
Nasal dryness: Insufficient moisture in the nasal lining, which can cause irritation and cracking. Dry air or dry nasal tissue can make superficial vessels easier to injure.
Hemoptysis: The coughing up of blood originating from the lower respiratory tract. Blood from the lungs can be mistaken for blood draining from the nose.
Anticoagulant: A medicine that reduces blood clot formation and lowers the risk of harmful clots. These medicines can prolong bleeding and affect treatment decisions.
Woodruff's plexus: A venous plexus in the back and side wall of the nasal cavity. Bleeding from this region is associated with posterior nosebleeds.
Posterior nosebleed: A nosebleed originating in the back portion of the nasal cavity. This less common type can be harder to control and may require urgent care.
Nose picking: The insertion of fingers into the nose, sometimes injuring its lining. Minor trauma from picking is a frequent trigger, especially in children.
Hematemesis: The vomiting of blood originating in the upper digestive tract. Swallowed nasal blood may later be vomited, complicating identification of its source.
Thrombocytopenia: A lower-than-normal number of platelets in the blood. Low platelet counts can contribute to recurrent or persistent bleeding.

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