Eritrean–Ethiopian War

The Eritrean–Ethiopian War was a border war fought from 1998 to 2000 between Eritrea and Ethiopia. A ceasefire halted the fighting, and the Algiers Agreement established a process for resolving their border dispute.

Badme: A town on the Eritrea–Ethiopia border claimed by both countries. Fighting around Badme triggered the war in May 1998.
Eritrean War of Independence: A thirty-year armed struggle that ended with Eritrea's independence from Ethiopia in 1991. Its outcome created the two states whose boundary later became contested.
Isaias Afwerki: Eritrea's president since independence and a former leader of the Eritrean liberation movement. He led Eritrea during the war and signed the Algiers Agreement.
Eritrea–Ethiopia border conflict: The prolonged political and military confrontation over the Eritrea–Ethiopia border after the 2000 ceasefire. The agreement ended the war without promptly resolving the wider confrontation.
Algiers Agreement: A 2000 agreement between Eritrea and Ethiopia that ended their war and established a boundary commission. The agreement formalized the ceasefire and set terms for settling the border.
Eritrean independence: Eritrea's separation from Ethiopia, formally recognized in 1993 after a referendum. Independence left parts of the shared border undemarcated.
Meles Zenawi: Ethiopia's prime minister from 1995 to 2012 and a former leader of the Tigray People's Liberation Front. He directed Ethiopia's government through the war and its settlement.
Eritrean–Ethiopian peace agreement: The 2018 declaration by Eritrea and Ethiopia ending their state of war and restoring diplomatic relations. It addressed the unresolved political rupture left by the 2000 settlement.
United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea: A UN peacekeeping mission established in 2000 to monitor the cessation of hostilities between Eritrea and Ethiopia. The mission monitored the buffer zone created after the ceasefire.
Eritrean–Ethiopian relations: The political, economic, and diplomatic relationship between Eritrea and Ethiopia. Relations deteriorated before the border dispute erupted into war.

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