Ernst Kaltenbrunner

Ernst Kaltenbrunner was an Austrian-born SS general and Nazi security official who led the Reich Security Main Office from 1943 until Germany’s defeat in 1945.

Reich Security Main Office: The Nazi agency formed in 1939 by combining the Security Police and the Sicherheitsdienst. Kaltenbrunner directed this central security organization from 1943.
Austrian Nazi Party: The Austrian branch of the Nazi movement, active before Austria’s annexation by Germany in 1938. Kaltenbrunner joined the party in Austria before rising in the German SS.
Heinrich Himmler: The SS leader who oversaw the organization’s expansion and its role in Nazi repression and genocide. Kaltenbrunner served within Himmler’s SS hierarchy.
Nuremberg trials: A series of trials after World War II that prosecuted Nazi leaders and other defendants for wartime crimes. Kaltenbrunner was tried before the International Military Tribunal in the first Nuremberg trial.
Gestapo: Nazi Germany’s secret state police, responsible for surveillance and repression of political opponents. The Gestapo operated within the office Kaltenbrunner headed.
Anschluss: Nazi Germany’s annexation of Austria in March 1938. The annexation opened the way for his advancement within the Nazi security system.
Adolf Eichmann: A Nazi official who organized the deportation of Jews to ghettos and killing centers during the Holocaust. Eichmann’s deportation apparatus belonged to the security system Kaltenbrunner led.
International Military Tribunal: The court established by the Allied powers to prosecute major Nazi leaders after World War II. It tried Kaltenbrunner and issued the judgment that led to his execution.
Sicherheitsdienst: The SS intelligence service that gathered information on perceived enemies of the Nazi regime. The service was one of the major components under his authority.
Schutzstaffel: The SS was a Nazi paramilitary and security organization that grew into a central instrument of repression and genocide. His career advanced through this organization to senior leadership.

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