Ernst Röhm

Ernst Röhm was a German Nazi leader and co-founder of the Sturmabteilung (SA), which he led until his arrest and execution in 1934.

Adolf Hitler: Adolf Hitler was the leader of the Nazi Party and dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945. Hitler relied on Röhm’s SA during the movement’s rise, then ordered his purge.
German Revolution of 1918–1919: The German Revolution of 1918–1919 ended the monarchy and established the Weimar Republic. The upheaval shaped Röhm’s postwar politics and the paramilitary networks he joined.
Paramilitary: A paramilitary organization uses military-style structure, training, or force without being a regular army. The SA’s paramilitary character gave Röhm influence beyond ordinary party politics.
SS: The SS was a Nazi organization that became a central instrument of policing, terror, and genocide. The SS gained power and prestige after helping destroy the SA leadership.
Heinrich Himmler: Heinrich Himmler led the SS and became a central organizer of Nazi repression and genocide. Himmler’s SS helped eliminate Röhm and other SA leaders in 1934.
Freikorps: Freikorps were irregular, mostly right-wing paramilitary formations active in Germany after World War I. Röhm’s postwar ties to armed nationalist groups helped build his military and political networks.
Weimar Republic: The Weimar Republic was Germany’s democratic government from 1918 to 1933. Röhm’s SA operated amid the republic’s political violence and contested authority.
German Army: The German Army was Germany’s land-based armed force, known as the Reichswehr before 1935 and the Wehrmacht afterward. Hitler’s purge reassured army leaders by removing Röhm’s challenge to their institutional status.
Gregor Strasser: Gregor Strasser was a leading Nazi politician whose faction challenged Hitler’s control of the party. Like Röhm, Strasser became associated with internal Nazi opposition to Hitler’s consolidation of power.
German Workers' Party: The German Workers’ Party was a small nationalist party that preceded the Nazi Party. Röhm joined the party early and helped connect it with Bavaria’s military circles.

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