Erwin Rommel

Erwin Rommel (1891–1944) was a German army officer who commanded forces in both world wars and became known as the Desert Fox for his North African campaigns in World War II.

Battle of France: The 1940 German campaign that defeated France and its allies in western Europe. Rommel commanded the 7th Panzer Division during its rapid advance through France.
Mission command: A command philosophy that gives subordinates freedom to act within a superior's intent. Rommel often relied on rapid decisions and delegated action amid fluid battlefield conditions.
Adolf Hitler: The dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 until his death in 1945. Rommel served under Hitler, whose strategic decisions shaped the forces and missions he commanded.
World War I: A global war fought from 1914 to 1918, chiefly between the Allied and Central Powers. Rommel's early combat service and reputation for infantry leadership began in this war.
Desert Fox: The nickname given to Rommel for his North African military campaigns. The name condensed his reputation for audacious, mobile desert warfare.
Operation Battleaxe: A British offensive in June 1941 aimed at relieving the siege of Tobruk. Rommel's forces repelled this early British attempt to break the siege.
Blitzkrieg: A form of combined-arms warfare using concentrated forces, mobility, and rapid penetration to disrupt an enemy. His 1940 operations became associated with the mobile warfare later labeled blitzkrieg.
Bernard Montgomery: A British field marshal who commanded the Eighth Army in North Africa and later Allied forces in Europe. Montgomery's victory over Rommel at El Alamein made them enduring battlefield rivals.
Wehrmacht: The unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. Rommel's World War II commands belonged to Germany's armed forces under Nazi rule.
Operation Gaff: A planned 1944 British commando raid intended to capture or kill Rommel in France. The plan reflected Allied concern about Rommel's role in defending occupied France.

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