Estriol

Estriol is a naturally occurring estrogen steroid hormone produced mainly by the fetoplacental unit during pregnancy. It is also used as a medicine for symptoms of estrogen deficiency.

Estrogen: Estrogens are steroid hormones that regulate reproductive development and function and affect tissues throughout the body. Estriol is one member of this hormone family.
Vaginal estrogen: Vaginal estrogen is estrogen medicine applied locally to treat symptoms affecting the vagina and lower urinary tract. Estriol is used in some countries as a local vaginal estrogen.
Conjugated estrogens: Conjugated estrogens are a mixture of estrogen compounds used in some prescription hormone therapies. They are a distinct estrogen preparation with different composition and clinical evidence.
Prenatal screening: Prenatal screening estimates the chance that a pregnancy has particular conditions without establishing a diagnosis. Unconjugated estriol has been one marker in some maternal blood screening panels.
Estrogen receptor: Estrogen receptors are proteins that bind estrogens and regulate gene activity in response. Estriol produces effects by binding estrogen receptors.
Genitourinary syndrome of menopause: Genitourinary syndrome of menopause comprises genital, urinary, and sexual symptoms associated with reduced estrogen after menopause. Local estriol may relieve its vaginal and urinary symptoms.
Ethinylestradiol: Ethinylestradiol is a synthetic estrogen used in many combined hormonal contraceptives. Its synthetic structure and contraceptive use contrast with estriol’s usual clinical role.
Triple test: The triple test is a prenatal blood screen that combines maternal serum markers with maternal age to estimate fetal-condition risks. Estriol is one of its measured markers, though screening practices vary.
Fetoplacental unit: The fetoplacental unit is the functional system formed by the fetus, placenta, and their coordinated hormone production. It converts fetal and maternal precursors into estriol during pregnancy.
Vaginal atrophy: Vaginal atrophy is thinning and reduced lubrication of vaginal tissues, often caused by low estrogen. Estriol treatment can restore vaginal tissue and ease dryness.

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