Ethiopian calendar

The Ethiopian calendar is a solar calendar with twelve 30-day months and a thirteenth month of five or six days. Its year count differs from the Gregorian calendar by about seven to eight years.

Ethiopian months: The Ethiopian calendar divides the year into twelve 30-day months and a short thirteenth month called Pagume. The twelve equal months and Pagume create the calendar’s distinctive thirteen-month year.
Ge'ez calendar: The Ge'ez calendar is a traditional calendar associated with the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and the Ge'ez language. It is the liturgical tradition closely associated with the Ethiopian calendar.
Ethiopian Orthodox liturgical calendar: The Ethiopian Orthodox liturgical calendar organizes feasts, fasts, and commemorations across the church year. It uses the calendar’s months to schedule religious observances.
Julian calendar: The Julian calendar is a solar calendar introduced by Julius Caesar, with a leap day every four years. It shares a four-year leap cycle but differs in structure and date alignment.
Pagume: Pagume is the Ethiopian calendar’s thirteenth month, lasting five days in a common year and six in a leap year. Its variable length completes the calendar year.
Alexandrian calendar: The Alexandrian calendar is a solar calendar used historically in Egypt and by several Christian churches. Its structure and era calculations are closely related to the Ethiopian system.
Enkutatash: Enkutatash is the Ethiopian New Year celebration, observed on Meskerem 1. It is the calendar’s annual beginning as a public celebration.
Islamic calendar: The Islamic calendar is a lunar calendar of twelve months and about 354 days per year. Its lunar year contrasts with the Ethiopian calendar’s solar year.
Ethiopian leap year: An Ethiopian leap year occurs every four years and adds a sixth day to Pagume. The extra day keeps the calendar aligned with the solar year.
Coptic calendar: The Coptic calendar is the liturgical calendar of the Coptic Orthodox Church, with twelve 30-day months and a short thirteenth month. It shares the Ethiopian calendar’s month pattern but uses a different year count.

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