Ethnic cleansing of Georgians in Abkhazia

The forced displacement of most ethnic Georgians from Abkhazia during and after the 1992–1993 war, accompanied by killings, looting, and destruction of homes.

Battle of Sukhumi: The 1993 battle in which Abkhaz forces captured Sukhumi from Georgian government forces. Its fall triggered a major flight and the expulsion of Georgian residents from the city.
Abkhaz–Georgian conflict: A conflict over Abkhazia's status and political control between Abkhaz and Georgian forces and communities. The campaign of displacement emerged from this wider struggle over territory and sovereignty.
Sukhumi massacre: The killing of Georgian civilians and officials after Abkhaz forces captured Sukhumi in September 1993. It formed part of the violence accompanying the city's capture and the flight of its Georgian population.
Georgian diaspora: Georgian communities living outside Georgia, formed through migration and displacement across different periods. Displacement from Abkhazia contributed to dispersal beyond the homes and regions of origin.
Ethnic cleansing: The deliberate removal of an ethnic or religious population from a territory through force or intimidation. This broader concept describes the campaign of displacement in Abkhazia.
Dissolution of the Soviet Union: The breakup of the Soviet Union into independent states between 1988 and 1991. The Soviet collapse intensified disputes over Abkhazia's political status and Georgia's sovereignty.
Ethnic cleansing of Georgians in Abkhazia (1993): The expulsion and persecution of ethnic Georgians during the 1993 Abkhaz offensive, particularly in Sukhumi and nearby areas. This phase brought the largest wave of displacement during the war.
Georgian refugees: People who fled Georgia's conflicts and sought refuge across an international border. Some people displaced from Abkhazia crossed borders, while most remained internally displaced.
Internal displacement: Forced movement of people within their own country, without crossing an internationally recognized border. Many displaced Georgians remained in Georgia, especially in the region of Samegrelo.
Abkhazia: A territory on the eastern Black Sea whose sovereignty is disputed between Georgia and the authorities governing it. Its contested status and mixed population shaped the war and displacement.

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