Euglena
Euglena is a genus of unicellular flagellated protists. Many species combine photosynthesis with the ability to take up dissolved nutrients.
Euglena gracilis: A widely studied Euglena species that photosynthesizes and can also grow on organic nutrients. It is the best-known example of the genus’s mixotrophic lifestyle.
Eukaryote: An organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound compartments. Euglena’s nucleus and organelles place it among eukaryotes.
Euglenid: A member of Euglenozoa with characteristic flagella and, in some groups, flexible cell coverings. Euglena belongs to this broader lineage of flagellated protists.
Euglena gracilis as a model organism: The use of Euglena gracilis in laboratory studies of photosynthesis, metabolism, and cellular responses. Its flexible nutrition and well-characterized cell biology make it useful for experiments.
Chlamydomonas: A genus of unicellular green algae with two flagella and a prominent chloroplast. Unlike Euglena, Chlamydomonas is a green alga with a different cellular organization and evolutionary history.
Phototaxis: Directed movement by an organism in response to light. Euglena cells swim toward suitable light, helping position them for photosynthesis.
Protist: A eukaryotic organism that is not classified as an animal, plant, or fungus. Euglena is traditionally grouped with protists, a broad and diverse assemblage.
Euglenozoa: A major group of flagellated eukaryotes that includes euglenids, kinetoplastids, and diplonemids. The genus sits within this lineage, which also includes parasitic relatives.
Paramylon production: The cultivation and recovery of paramylon, a storage polysaccharide produced by euglenids. Euglena cultures can accumulate paramylon, prompting interest in its production.
Paramecium: A genus of ciliated unicellular protists that feed mainly by ingesting particles. Paramecium illustrates heterotrophic feeding rather than Euglena’s characteristic mix of nutrition modes.