Euglenozoa

Euglenozoa is a group of mostly unicellular eukaryotes that includes euglenids, kinetoplastids, and diplonemids. Many members move with flagella built around a distinctive paraflagellar rod.

Eukaryote: An organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound compartments. Euglenozoa belongs to the broad domain defined by cells with nuclei.
Kinetoplast: A dense network of mitochondrial DNA found in kinetoplastid cells. This unusual mitochondrial genome gives kinetoplastids their name and defines their cellular organization.
Euglena: A genus of flagellated euglenids, many of which photosynthesize and also take up organic nutrients. Euglena exemplifies the flexible nutrition and motility of euglenids.
Euglenida: A lineage of flagellated euglenozoans that includes photosynthetic and heterotrophic species. Euglenids form one of the group's principal branches.
African trypanosomiasis: A disease caused by Trypanosoma brucei and transmitted by tsetse flies. This disease links trypanosome biology to public health in sub-Saharan Africa.
Flagellum: A whip-like cellular structure that propels a cell or moves fluid across its surface. Many euglenozoans use one or more flagella for movement.
Kinetoplast DNA: A network of interlinked mitochondrial DNA circles found in kinetoplastids. Its extensive editing and replication are distinctive features of one major euglenozoan branch.
Trypanosoma brucei: A kinetoplastid parasite that causes African sleeping sickness in humans. It shows how a euglenozoan lineage can cause severe disease.
Kinetoplastida: A lineage of euglenozoans characterized by a kinetoplast in the mitochondrion. Kinetoplastids are a defining branch and include free-living and parasitic species.
Chagas disease: A disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, usually transmitted by triatomine insects. Its causative agent is a kinetoplastid, connecting the group to a major neglected disease.

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