Eukaryota

Eukaryota is the domain of organisms whose cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. It includes animals, plants, fungi, and diverse microbial lineages.

Cell nucleus: A membrane-enclosed compartment that contains most of a eukaryotic cell’s DNA. A nucleus is the defining cellular feature distinguishing eukaryotes from prokaryotes.
Endosymbiotic theory: The theory that mitochondria and plastids evolved from bacteria living inside ancestral cells. It explains the bacterial ancestry of two defining eukaryotic organelles.
Last eukaryotic common ancestor: The most recent ancestral population from which all living eukaryotes descend. Its inferred traits help reconstruct the early history shared across Eukaryota.
Animalia: A major eukaryotic kingdom of multicellular organisms that obtain nutrients by ingestion. Animals are one familiar branch of Eukaryota, with diverse forms and body plans.
Eukaryote classification: The organization of eukaryotic organisms into evolutionary groups and taxonomic ranks. New molecular data continue to reshape how the domain’s major branches are named and grouped.
Mitochondrion: A membrane-bound organelle that produces much of a eukaryotic cell’s ATP through cellular respiration. Mitochondria are widespread eukaryotic organelles with a bacterial evolutionary origin.
Mitochondrial evolution: The evolutionary history of mitochondria, organelles descended from an alphaproteobacterial ancestor. Mitochondrial ancestry links eukaryotic cell biology to bacterial evolution.
Archaea: A domain of single-celled organisms distinct from bacteria and eukaryotes. Genomic evidence places eukaryotes’ host ancestry within or close to archaeal lineages.
Plantae: A major eukaryotic lineage including land plants and various algal groups, depending on classification. Plants exemplify eukaryotes that commonly use plastids for photosynthesis.
Eukaryotic phylogenomics: The reconstruction of eukaryotic evolutionary relationships using genome-scale data. Genome comparisons test competing hypotheses about deep relationships across Eukaryota.

Linked from 2 pages