Eurabia

Eurabia is a conspiracy theory alleging that European and Arab leaders secretly cooperate to make Europe politically subordinate to Arab states and culturally dominated by Islam.

Bat Ye’or: Bat Ye’or is the pen name of Gisèle Littman, a British author who writes about Islam, Jews, and Europe. Her books developed the theory’s account of a supposed Europe–Arab political project.
Conspiracy theory: A conspiracy theory explains events through a secret plot by powerful actors, often despite insufficient evidence. Eurabia fits this broader pattern by treating public cooperation as proof of hidden coordination.
Oriana Fallaci: Oriana Fallaci was an Italian journalist and writer known for interviews and polemical essays about Islam and Europe. Her late essays echoed themes of European cultural surrender found in Eurabia rhetoric.
Euro-Mediterranean Partnership: The Euro-Mediterranean Partnership was an EU initiative launched in 1995 to strengthen relations with Mediterranean countries. Its published aims and institutions contrast with claims of a covert subordination scheme.
2011 Norway attacks: The 2011 Norway attacks were terrorist attacks by Anders Behring Breivik that killed 77 people. Breivik’s manifesto invoked Eurabia as part of his justification for violence.
European–Arab Dialogue: The European–Arab Dialogue was a forum for political and economic cooperation launched in 1973. Eurabia writings recast this public diplomatic initiative as evidence of a secret plan.
Demographic replacement conspiracy theory: A demographic replacement conspiracy theory claims that elites deliberately change a population’s composition to displace an existing group. Eurabia often links immigration and population change to an alleged elite plan.
Anders Behring Breivik: Anders Behring Breivik is a Norwegian far-right terrorist who killed 77 people in attacks in 2011. His manifesto cited Eurabia-related ideas, demonstrating their presence in extremist propaganda.
Euro-Mediterranean Partnership (Barcelona Process): The Barcelona Process is the diplomatic framework established in 1995 for cooperation between the European Union and Mediterranean states. Its formal agreements provide a documented counterpart to Eurabia’s alleged secret arrangement.
Islamophobia in Europe: Islamophobia in Europe comprises hostility, prejudice, and discrimination directed at Muslims and Islam across European societies. Eurabia can portray Muslim presence as an organized threat, reinforcing anti-Muslim hostility.

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