Exoticism

Exoticism is the depiction of people, places, or cultures as alluringly strange or foreign. It often turns cultural difference into an object of fascination for an outside audience.

Othering: Othering is the process of marking people as fundamentally different from a group treated as the norm. Exoticism makes foreignness alluring while still placing the depicted culture outside the familiar norm.
Age of Discovery: The Age of Discovery was a period of European maritime exploration and overseas expansion beginning in the fifteenth century. Its voyages brought unfamiliar places into European accounts and collections.
Turquerie: Turquerie was a European fashion for Ottoman-inspired art, clothing, interiors, and performance, especially in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. It shows European artists turning Ottoman difference into a fashionable style.
Cultural relativism: Cultural relativism is the principle of interpreting beliefs and practices within their own cultural contexts. It resists judging unfamiliar practices through assumptions that exotic depictions often leave unexamined.
Orientalism: Orientalism is a Western tradition of representing the Middle East and Asia through images of mystery, sensuality, and despotism. It is a historically influential form of exoticism focused on cultures imagined as Eastern.
Colonialism: Colonialism is the establishment and maintenance of political control by one power over another territory and its people. Colonial power enabled outsiders to describe and display colonized cultures on unequal terms.
Chinoiserie: Chinoiserie is a European decorative style inspired by imagined and actual Chinese art and design. Its motifs translated China into an ornamental European fantasy.
Multiculturalism: Multiculturalism is the recognition and accommodation of cultural diversity within a society. It addresses cultural difference as part of shared civic life, not merely as distant spectacle.
Cultural appropriation: Cultural appropriation is the adoption or use of elements from a culture by people outside it, especially amid unequal power relations. Exotic fascination can encourage outsiders to borrow cultural signs while detaching them from their meanings.
Grand Tour: The Grand Tour was an extended educational journey through Europe undertaken by affluent young men, especially in the eighteenth century. Its travel culture helped establish distant places as experiences to be collected and consumed.

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