Extrasensory perception

Extrasensory perception (ESP) is the purported acquisition of information without using the known senses. Its claimed forms include telepathy, clairvoyance, and precognition.

Telepathy: The purported transfer of information from one mind to another without ordinary communication. It is the ESP claim that information comes from another person's thoughts.
Ganzfeld experiment: A parapsychological procedure using mild sensory homogenization to test claims of telepathy. It is a prominent experimental design for testing whether one person can identify another's target.
Skepticism: A habit of withholding belief until claims are supported by adequate evidence. Skeptical scrutiny asks whether ESP evidence excludes ordinary explanations and experimental error.
Society for Psychical Research: A British organization founded in 1882 to investigate alleged paranormal phenomena. Its investigations helped establish psychical research as an organized inquiry into claims including telepathy.
Pseudoscience: A body of claims presented as scientific without meeting reliable standards of evidence and testing. ESP research is often debated through disputes over methods, replication, and scientific demarcation.
Clairvoyance: The purported perception of distant or hidden events without ordinary sensory access. It is the ESP claim that information concerns a place or event beyond sensory reach.
Zener cards: A set of five-symbol cards developed for controlled tests of claimed ESP. Their repeated symbols enabled early tests of guessing and purported telepathic transmission.
Cold reading: A technique for inferring personal details through observation, broad statements, and feedback. It can create the appearance of psychic knowledge without extrasensory information.
Frederic W. H. Myers: A British scholar and founding member of the Society for Psychical Research who studied telepathy and related phenomena. He helped formulate early research programs and terminology for alleged subliminal and telepathic abilities.
Cold War: The geopolitical rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union from the late 1940s to 1991. U.S. military agencies funded remote-viewing research amid fears of Soviet psychic espionage.

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ParanormalBroader topic: Telepathy and clairvoyance are commonly presented as forms of this ability.