Extrusion

Extrusion shapes material by forcing it through a die to produce a continuous profile, such as a tube, sheet, or rod.

Extrusion die: A shaped opening through which material is forced to form an extruded profile. Its opening gives the flowing material its cross-section.
Plastic deformation: Permanent change in a material's shape after applied stress exceeds its elastic limit. Extrusion relies on sustained deformation rather than temporary elastic bending.
Plastic pipe: A hollow conduit made from polymer and used to carry fluids or protect cables. Pipe is a common product made by shaping polymer melt through an annular die.
Injection molding: A manufacturing process that injects molten material into a closed mold to form discrete parts. Unlike continuous extrusion, it produces individual shapes bounded by a mold cavity.
Screw extruder: A machine that uses a rotating screw to convey, compress, and process material before forcing it through a die. It supplies pressure and controlled flow in many polymer extrusion lines.
Rheology: The study of how materials deform and flow under applied forces. Extrusion design depends on predicting how the feedstock flows under pressure.
Aluminium extrusion: The forming of aluminium by forcing it through a die to create a constant cross-section. It produces lightweight structural profiles with complex cross-sections.
Compression molding: A molding process that shapes material by compressing it inside a heated mold. It forms parts in a closed cavity rather than a continuous die profile.
Ram extrusion: An extrusion method in which a moving ram pushes material through a die. It produces extrusion without the rotating screw used in screw-based machines.
Viscosity: A measure of a fluid's resistance to flow. Viscosity affects pressure requirements, throughput, and flow uniformity.

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