Fastener

A fastener is a device that joins or secures objects, either temporarily or permanently. Common types include screws, bolts, rivets, clips, and adhesives.

Threaded fastener: A fastener that uses helical threads to engage a material or matching component. Threads let screws and bolts create clamping force or resist withdrawal.
Preload: The initial tension placed in a fastener when it is tightened. Preload creates the clamping force that keeps a bolted joint together.
Wood screw: A screw designed to form or engage threads in wood. Its thread geometry and point suit fastening wood components.
Welding: A fabrication process that joins materials by producing coalescence, often through heat or pressure. Welding can create a permanent joint without separate fasteners.
Screw: A threaded fastener driven into material or a prepared hole, typically by turning its head. Screws form a common family distinguished by threads that engage the joined material.
Torque: A measure of the turning effect of a force about an axis. Installers use applied torque to tighten threaded fasteners, though torque only estimates preload.
Drywall screw: A hardened screw used to attach gypsum board to framing. Its sharp point and deep threads enable quick installation in common wall assemblies.
Brazing: A metal-joining process that uses a molten filler metal below the melting point of the base metals. Brazed joints avoid discrete fasteners but require heat and suitable joint geometry.
Bolt: A threaded fastener designed to pass through aligned holes and be tightened with a nut. Bolts secure parts by clamping them together through aligned holes.
Shear stress: Stress produced when forces act parallel to a material's surface or cross-section. Fasteners often carry loads that try to slide joined parts past one another.

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