February 26 Incident

A failed 1936 coup attempt in Tokyo by Imperial Japanese Army officers, who killed senior officials and occupied parts of the city for several days.

Kōdōha: A radical Imperial Japanese Army faction that advocated direct imperial rule and national renewal. Many insurgent officers shared its ultranationalist vision and opposition to civilian politics.
May 15 Incident: A 1932 Japanese coup attempt in which naval officers assassinated Prime Minister Inukai Tsuyoshi. Its limited punishment of political killers encouraged expectations of leniency among later insurgents.
Isamu Chō: An Imperial Japanese Army officer who helped lead the February 26 uprising. He was among the junior officers who organized and commanded rebel troops.
Japanese court-martial: A military trial conducted under Japan’s armed-forces justice system. Closed military trials condemned the principal rebel officers after the uprising.
Tōseiha: An Imperial Japanese Army faction that favored centralized control, military modernization, and gradual expansion. Its rivalry with Kōdōha intensified the army divisions surrounding the uprising.
Assassination of Inukai Tsuyoshi: The 1932 murder of Japanese prime minister Inukai Tsuyoshi by young naval officers. The perpetrators’ treatment helped normalize political assassination before the 1936 uprising.
Yoshitada Kōda: An Imperial Japanese Army captain who participated in the February 26 coup attempt. His actions illustrate the involvement of young officers in the planned seizures and killings.
Toshihiko Sakai: A Japanese army officer executed for participating in the February 26 coup attempt. His execution exemplifies the severe punishment imposed on the insurgent leadership.
Sadao Araki: A Japanese general and army minister associated with Kōdōha and its ideology. Young officers regarded his earlier influence as a model for military-led political change.
Great Depression in Japan: Japan’s severe economic downturn during the global depression of the early 1930s. Economic hardship and rural distress fed radical demands for political and social change.

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