Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

One of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s two constituent entities, comprising most of the country’s Bosniak- and Croat-majority areas. It is divided into ten cantons and shares state-level institutions with Republika Srpska.

Bosnia and Herzegovina: A sovereign country in southeastern Europe, comprising two constituent entities and the Brčko District. The Federation is one of the two entities within this state.
Parliament of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina: The Federation’s bicameral legislature, consisting of a House of Representatives and a House of Peoples. It passes entity laws and represents citizens and constituent peoples.
Bosnian War: The 1992–1995 armed conflict in Bosnia and Herzegovina following the breakup of Yugoslavia. The Federation’s creation followed the war’s shifting alliances and territorial divisions.
Bosniak–Croat Federation: The post-1994 political union of Bosniak and Croat communities within Bosnia and Herzegovina’s Federation entity. The entity’s institutions were designed to accommodate both constituent peoples.
Cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina: Ten subnational units that divide the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and exercise constitutionally assigned powers. Cantons form the Federation’s distinctive intermediate level of government.
Government of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina: The Federation’s executive authority, led by a prime minister and composed of ministers. It administers responsibilities assigned to the entity level.
Washington Agreement: The 1994 agreement that ended fighting between Bosniak and Croat forces and established the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It created the entity before the 1995 Dayton settlement.
Constituent peoples of Bosnia and Herzegovina: The Bosniaks, Croats, and Serbs recognized as constituent peoples in Bosnia and Herzegovina’s constitutional framework. Their constitutional status shapes representation in Federation institutions.
Municipalities of Bosnia and Herzegovina: Local-government units in Bosnia and Herzegovina, with responsibilities varying between its entities and cantons. Municipalities provide local administration beneath the Federation’s cantons.
President of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina: The Federation’s head of state, elected through a procedure involving its parliamentary chambers and constituent peoples. The presidency is part of the entity’s power-sharing executive arrangement.

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Brčko DistrictRelated: The Federation is one of the entities whose territorial claims were affected by Brčko’s settlement.