Field artillery

Field artillery is mobile artillery designed to accompany armies and deliver fire support on a battlefield. Its weapons include guns, howitzers, mortars, and rocket launchers.

Artillery observer: A military specialist who locates targets and adjusts artillery fire. Observers relay target locations and corrections between the battlefield and firing units.
Howitzer: An artillery gun designed to fire shells on relatively high or low trajectories. Howitzers are among the most widely used field artillery weapons.
Fire support: The use of weapons to assist friendly forces engaged in operations. Field artillery is a major source of fire support for ground troops.
Bombard (weapon): A large, early gunpowder cannon used chiefly to attack fortifications. Bombards show the early use of gunpowder artillery before mobile field systems matured.
Trench warfare: A form of warfare in which opposing forces fight from fortified trench systems. Industrial artillery helped drive armies into trenches and made exposed movement costly.
Fire direction center: A unit that calculates firing data and coordinates artillery missions. It converts target information into firing orders for the guns.
Field gun: A mobile artillery gun designed primarily for relatively flat-trajectory fire. Field guns are an early and distinct form of mobile battlefield artillery.
Barrage (artillery): A concentrated artillery bombardment directed at a target area or defensive line. Barrage fire can disrupt forces or help cover an advance.
Gustavus Adolphus: King of Sweden from 1611 to 1632, known for military reforms and campaigns. His forces helped establish more mobile, coordinated artillery on European battlefields.
Battle of the Somme: A major First World War battle fought by British and French forces against Germany in 1916. Its artillery bombardment illustrates both the scale and limits of First World War firepower.

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