Field gun

A mobile artillery piece designed to accompany field armies and attack land targets with direct or indirect fire. Field guns traditionally emphasized range and mobility over the heavier projectiles of siege and fortress artillery.

Artillery: Large-caliber weapons that launch projectiles using explosive force. Field guns are mobile weapons within this broader class.
Breech-loading weapon: A firearm or cannon loaded through an opening at the rear of its barrel. Breech loading increased field-gun firing speed and made handling ammunition easier.
Howitzer: An artillery piece designed to fire shells on both relatively flat and steep trajectories. Howitzers favor high-angle fire, while traditional field guns prioritize flatter trajectories and range.
Shrapnel shell: An artillery shell designed to release bullets across a target area before impact. Shrapnel became a defining field-gun munition against exposed troops.
Recoil mechanism: A system that absorbs and controls a gun's backward movement after firing. Hydraulic and spring mechanisms let field guns fire repeatedly without shifting far from aim.
Rifled artillery: Artillery with spiral grooves inside the barrel that spin and stabilize projectiles. Rifling substantially extended field guns' accuracy and effective range.
Mountain gun: A lightweight artillery piece designed to be transported across difficult terrain. Mountain guns trade the field gun's power for portability in rugged terrain.
World War I artillery: The artillery systems and tactics used during the First World War. Trench warfare exposed the limits of flat-trajectory field guns against protected positions.
Gun carriage: A wheeled or tracked structure that supports and moves a gun. The carriage combines the field gun's mounting, recoil system, and means of transport.
French 75 mm field gun: A French quick-firing field gun introduced in 1897, noted for its recoil system. Its compact recoil mechanism became a landmark in modern field-gun design.

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