Figure skating judging system

The rules and scoring procedures used to evaluate figure-skating performances. The current system separates technical element scores from program component scores and applies deductions.

Grade of Execution: A judge-assigned adjustment that rewards or penalizes the quality of a performed skating element. It raises or lowers an element’s base value according to how cleanly the skater performs it.
6.0 judging system: The former figure-skating scoring system, in which judges awarded marks on a six-point scale and ranked competitors. It was the predecessor replaced by the current points-based framework.
Short program (figure skating): A figure-skating segment with prescribed required elements and a limited duration. Its requirements affect which elements can earn credit in the first segment.
Technical score (figure skating): The portion of a figure-skating segment score derived from the value and execution of technical elements. It contrasts with component scoring by focusing on identified elements.
Base value (figure skating): The predetermined point value assigned to a skating element according to its type and difficulty. It supplies the starting score before judges assess execution.
2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal: A judging controversy at the Salt Lake City Winter Olympics involving the pairs figure-skating competition. The scandal intensified pressure to make judging more transparent and auditable.
Free skating: A figure-skating segment in which competitors choose their content within event rules and time limits. Its broader content choices shape the technical and component scores.
Program components: Qualities used to assess the overall construction and presentation of a performance, beyond its individual technical elements. These qualities are scored separately from element difficulty and execution.
Program component score: A score for the overall qualities of a figure-skating program, including skating skills, composition, and presentation. It evaluates program qualities that individual jump and spin values do not capture.
International Skating Union: The international governing body for figure skating and speed skating that sets competition rules. The ISU develops and maintains the rules behind the scoring framework.

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