First Anglo-Maratha War

The First Anglo-Maratha War was a conflict between the British East India Company and the Maratha Confederacy from 1775 to 1782, ending with the Treaty of Salbai.

Treaty of Salbai: The 1782 agreement that ended the First Anglo-Maratha War and restored peace between the East India Company and the Marathas. Its terms ended the conflict and preserved Maratha power while securing Company gains.
Madhavrao II: The peshwa installed as an infant in 1774 after the murder of his father, Narayan Rao. His claim was the regency’s alternative to Raghunath Rao’s bid for power.
Mahadji Shinde: A Maratha ruler and military leader who expanded his influence in north India during the eighteenth century. His diplomacy and military strength helped secure the settlement at Salbai.
East India Company: An English joint-stock company that established territorial rule in parts of South Asia. Its failed intervention revealed limits on Company power in western India.
Treaty of Surat: A 1775 agreement between Raghunath Rao and the East India Company’s Bombay government, offering military support in exchange for territory. It drew the Company into the Maratha succession struggle.
Raghunath Rao: A Maratha noble and former peshwa who sought Company support to regain power in the 1770s. His alliance with the Bombay government triggered the Company’s intervention.
Tukoji Rao Holkar: A Maratha commander and successor to Malhar Rao Holkar as head of the Holkar dynasty. He commanded Maratha forces during the campaign that ended at Wadgaon.
Peshwa: The chief minister who became the effective head of the Maratha state. The conflict centered on who would hold the office and command its authority.
Battle of Wadgaon: A 1779 Maratha victory that forced a British force near Pune to accept the Convention of Wadgaon. The defeat exposed the risks of the Company’s effort to install Raghunath Rao.
Narayan Rao: The peshwa assassinated in 1773, whose death precipitated a dispute over Maratha succession. His death created the vacancy and legitimacy crisis behind the war.

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Madhavrao IRelated: The succession disputes after Madhavrao helped create the crisis that led to this war.