First Chimurenga

The 1896–1897 uprising in which Ndebele and Shona people fought British South Africa Company rule in what is now Zimbabwe. It combined distinct regional rebellions and became a lasting symbol of resistance.

Second Matabele War: The 1896–1897 Ndebele rebellion against British South Africa Company rule in Matabeleland. It names the Ndebele phase that began the wider uprising.
British South Africa Company: A chartered company that governed and exploited territories in southern Africa from the late nineteenth century. Its administration imposed the rule against which the uprising was directed.
Mlimo: A Ndebele spiritual authority whose message helped inspire resistance to company rule in 1896. Company officials treated the spiritual movement associated with Mlimo as a key force in the Ndebele rising.
Southern Rhodesia: The name used for the British colony that became Zimbabwe, formally established in 1923. The uprising’s suppression helped secure the colonial order later called Southern Rhodesia.
Battle of Shangani: A 1893 battle in which British South Africa Company forces defeated Ndebele troops near the Shangani River. The defeat preceded the loss of Ndebele sovereignty and the later uprising.
Shona Rebellion of 1896–1897: The 1896–1897 uprising by Shona communities against British South Africa Company rule in Mashonaland. It identifies the eastern rebellion that followed the Ndebele rising.
Matabeleland: A region of southwestern Zimbabwe historically associated with the Ndebele people and their state. Company occupation of the region preceded the Ndebele rebellion.
Lobengula: The last reigning king of the Ndebele state, whose authority was challenged by colonial conquest in the 1890s. His defeat and disappearance preceded the uprising against company rule.
Zimbabwe African National Union: A Zimbabwean nationalist organization founded in 1963 to oppose white-minority rule. Its nationalist history drew on the uprising as an earlier struggle for liberation.
Bulawayo: A city in southwestern Zimbabwe that became a major colonial center in Matabeleland. The Ndebele rising spread around a key company stronghold in the region.

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