Flammable liquid

A liquid that can ignite readily because it releases combustible vapor. Its fire risk depends on how easily vapor forms and mixes with air.

Flash point: The lowest temperature at which a liquid gives off enough vapor to ignite briefly under specified test conditions. It is the standard measure of how readily a liquid can produce ignitable vapor.
Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals: An international framework for classifying chemical hazards and communicating them through labels and safety data sheets. Its criteria classify flammable liquids by flash point and initial boiling point.
Combustible liquid: A liquid that can burn but has a flash point above the threshold used to classify flammable liquids in a given code. The distinction commonly turns on flash point, though exact thresholds vary by regulation.
Gasoline: A volatile petroleum-derived mixture used primarily as fuel in spark-ignition engines. Its low flash point and abundant vapor make it a familiar flammable-liquid example.
Flammable aerosol: A suspension of liquid or solid particles in a gas that can ignite or contribute to fire. Spraying changes droplet size and vapor production, complicating ordinary liquid classifications.
Vapor pressure: The pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid at a given temperature. Higher vapor pressure generally means more fuel vapor is available above the liquid.
NFPA 30: A National Fire Protection Association standard for the storage and handling of flammable and combustible liquids. It sets design and operational safeguards for facilities storing these liquids.
Nonflammable liquid: A liquid not classified as flammable under a specified hazard standard. It contrasts with liquids whose vapors readily form ignitable mixtures under that standard.
Ethanol: A volatile alcohol used in beverages, solvents, fuels, and disinfectants. Its vapor can ignite readily, including in concentrated alcoholic solutions.
Boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion: A violent rupture caused when a pressurized liquid above its boiling point rapidly vaporizes after containment fails. Heated or pressurized liquid storage can create hazards beyond ordinary surface ignition.

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