Floriano Peixoto

Floriano Peixoto was a Brazilian military officer and politician who served as the country’s second president from 1891 to 1894, consolidating the early republic amid armed rebellions.

Second Brazilian Republic: Brazil's republican political system, established after the monarchy ended in 1889. Peixoto governed during the republic's first years, when its institutions and authority remained unsettled.
Proclamation of the Republic (Brazil): The 1889 military coup that ended Brazil's monarchy and established a republic. Peixoto rose within the new regime created by this overthrow.
Encilhamento: A speculative financial boom and crisis in Brazil during the early years of the republic. Its economic turmoil formed part of the unstable setting Peixoto inherited.
Rui Barbosa: A Brazilian jurist, politician, and writer who opposed aspects of the early republic's military-led government. Barbosa became a prominent civilian critic of the political order Peixoto defended.
Brazilian Naval Revolt: An armed rebellion by Brazilian Navy officers against President Floriano Peixoto in 1893–1894. Its suppression tested Peixoto's control of the capital and the armed forces.
Deodoro da Fonseca: A Brazilian marshal who led the 1889 coup and became the republic's first president. Peixoto succeeded Fonseca after the latter resigned amid political and military opposition.
Prudente de Morais: A Brazilian politician who succeeded Peixoto as president in 1894 and began civilian rule. The transition from Peixoto to Morais marked a shift away from military presidencies.
Custódio de Melo: A Brazilian admiral who became a leading figure in the Naval Revolt against Peixoto. His break with the government turned naval opposition into open rebellion.
Federalist Revolution: A civil war in southern Brazil from 1893 to 1895, involving rival factions in Rio Grande do Sul. Peixoto intervened against federalist rebels, extending presidential conflict beyond Rio de Janeiro.
Brazilian Empire: The constitutional monarchy that governed Brazil from independence in 1822 until 1889. Peixoto's republican government replaced institutions inherited from this monarchy.

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