Fluoride

Fluoride is the anion F⁻, formed when fluorine gains one electron, and the name for compounds containing fluorine in the −1 oxidation state.

Fluorine: Fluorine is the chemical element with atomic number 9 and the most electronegative element. Fluoride forms when a fluorine atom gains one electron.
Water fluoridation: Water fluoridation is the controlled adjustment of fluoride concentration in public water supplies to reduce tooth decay. It is a population-level use of dissolved fluoride.
Anion: An anion is an ion with a net negative electrical charge. Fluoride is a monatomic anion with a charge of −1.
Chloride: Chloride is the anion Cl⁻, formed when chlorine gains one electron, and the name for compounds containing it. Chloride is fluoride’s heavier halogen counterpart, with different size and bonding behavior.
Ionic bonding: Ionic bonding is electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions. Fluoride salts form when F⁻ pairs with positively charged ions.
Toothpaste: Toothpaste is a dentifrice used with a toothbrush to clean teeth and deliver ingredients to the mouth. Many toothpastes deliver fluoride directly to enamel.
Ion: An ion is an atom or molecule with a net electrical charge from gaining or losing electrons. Fluoride belongs to the broader class of electrically charged particles.
Bromide: Bromide is the anion Br⁻, formed when bromine gains one electron, and the name for compounds containing it. Bromide provides another halide comparison with a larger, less electronegative ion.
Hydrogen fluoride: Hydrogen fluoride is a molecular compound of hydrogen and fluorine, with formula HF. Unlike fluoride ions, hydrogen fluoride is a neutral molecule that can form them in water.
Dental caries: Dental caries is the progressive destruction of tooth tissue caused by acids produced when oral bacteria metabolize carbohydrates. Topical fluoride helps limit mineral loss during acid attacks.

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