Footnote

A footnote is a numbered note linked to a passage in the main text and printed outside it, commonly at the bottom of the page. It supplies a source reference or supplementary information.

Citation: A reference that identifies a source used or discussed in a work. Footnotes often give the source details behind a passage or claim.
Chicago Manual of Style: A style guide widely used in publishing, history, and the humanities. Its notes-and-bibliography system makes footnotes a central citation method.
Isaac Casaubon: A French classical scholar and editor known for influential annotations on ancient texts. His dense annotations exemplify the learned note practices from which modern footnotes developed.
Margin note: A brief annotation written or printed in the margin beside a text. Margin notes occupy the page edge rather than the conventional space below the text.
Superscript: Text set smaller and above the baseline of surrounding characters. Superscript numerals commonly connect passages to their footnotes.
Bluebook: A citation style guide used by American legal writers. Legal footnotes often use Bluebook rules to identify cases and authorities.
Richard Bentley: An English classical scholar whose textual criticism reshaped the study of ancient literature. His editorial notes show footnotes serving argument, correction, and source comparison.
Inline citation: A source reference placed within the running text, often in parentheses. Inline citations keep references in the sentence instead of moving them to a note.
Bibliography: A list of sources consulted or cited in a work. A bibliography gathers source details that footnotes may give individually.
Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities: A legal citation system used in the United Kingdom and other jurisdictions. Its citation rules show how footnotes organize legal sources outside the main argument.

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