Forced labor under Nazi Germany

The coercive exploitation of millions of people by Nazi Germany and its institutions, using deportation, imprisonment, discriminatory laws, and threats of violence to supply labor.

Organisation Todt: A Nazi construction organization that used conscripted and forced laborers on military and infrastructure projects. It recruited and deployed coerced workers on major construction projects across occupied Europe.
Ostarbeiter: Civilians deported from occupied eastern Europe to perform forced labor in Germany, especially from the Soviet Union. They formed a large, severely discriminated-against group in Germany's wartime labor force.
IG Farben: A German chemical conglomerate that supplied products to Nazi Germany and used forced labor at several sites. Its Auschwitz-Monowitz plant became a prominent example of industrial exploitation of camp prisoners.
Compensation for forced labor under Nazi Germany: Postwar efforts to compensate people exploited as forced laborers by Nazi Germany and German companies. Claims and payments came decades after the labor, amid disputes over responsibility and eligibility.
Reich Labour Service: A state organization that compelled young people in Germany to perform labor service. Its compulsory service system formed part of the broader Nazi mobilization of labor.
Italian military internees: Italian soldiers captured by Germany after Italy's 1943 armistice and denied prisoner-of-war status. Hundreds of thousands were compelled to work for the German war economy.
Mittelwerk: An underground German factory where V-2 rockets were assembled by concentration-camp prisoners during the Second World War. Its production relied on prisoners subjected to lethal conditions in the Mittelbau-Dora system.
Nuremberg trials: A series of postwar trials of German leaders and organizations for crimes committed during the Nazi era. The trials addressed deportation and forced labor as crimes and examined officials' responsibility.
Arbeitsamt: A German labor office responsible for employment administration and labor allocation. Labor offices assigned workers, including foreign civilians, to employers and workplaces.
Soviet prisoners of war in German captivity: Members of the Soviet armed forces captured by Germany during the Second World War. Millions were held in catastrophic conditions; surviving prisoners were increasingly used as laborers.

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