Franks

The Franks were a confederation of Germanic peoples whose rulers built kingdoms that became the leading power in western Europe during the early Middle Ages.

Salian Franks: A Frankish group whose rulers established a dynasty that governed much of Gaul. Their leaders formed the earliest enduring Frankish royal line.
Frankish conquest of Gaul: The expansion of Frankish rule across much of Roman Gaul during the fifth and sixth centuries. Conquest transformed Frankish leadership into regional sovereignty.
Charles Martel: The Frankish mayor of the palace who strengthened Carolingian authority in the early eighth century. His military and political ascendancy prepared the transfer of kingship.
Carolingian Empire: The empire ruled by Charlemagne and his successors, spanning much of western and central Europe. It was the fullest imperial expression of Frankish political power.
Ripuarian Franks: A Frankish group centered around the middle Rhine, especially near Cologne. They show the Franks' distinct eastern communities before political consolidation.
Frankish law: The customary and written legal traditions used among Frankish peoples and rulers. Legal codes made royal authority legible across diverse communities.
Pepin the Short: The first Carolingian king of the Franks, crowned in 751. His accession formally ended Merovingian royal rule.
Treaty of Verdun: The 843 agreement that divided the Carolingian Empire among Louis the Pious's sons. Its partitions redirected the legacy of Frankish rule into separate kingdoms.
Roman–Frankish relations: The changing military, diplomatic, and political ties between Roman authorities and Frankish groups. Roman service and settlement helped Frankish leaders gain territory and legitimacy.
Salic law: A body of Frankish law, written in Latin, associated with the Salian Franks. Its provisions reveal how early Frankish rulers regulated society and compensation.

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