Free throw

A free throw is an uncontested basketball shot taken from the free-throw line after certain fouls. Each made free throw is worth one point.

Personal foul: An illegal physical contact with an opponent during basketball play. Certain personal fouls stop play and award one or more free throws.
Free-throw percentage: The percentage of a player's free-throw attempts that result in made shots. It measures the direct scoring efficiency of free-throw shooting.
Field goal (basketball): A basket scored during live play, worth two or three points depending on where the shot begins. Unlike a field goal, a free throw is uncontested and always worth one point.
James Naismith: The Canadian-American physical educator who invented basketball in 1891. Naismith's original rules established the game in which the free-throw rule later developed.
Free-throw line: The line behind which a basketball player stands to attempt a free throw. The shooter must remain behind this line until the ball reaches the basket or backboard.
Hack-a-Shaq: A basketball strategy of intentionally fouling a poor free-throw shooter away from the ball. It uses free throws as a strategic alternative to defending a live possession.
Three-point field goal: A field goal worth three points when released from beyond the three-point arc. Its higher value contrasts with the fixed one-point value of a free throw.
Basketball rules: The regulations governing how basketball is played and officiated. Free throws are defined by the broader rule systems that specify fouls and penalties.
Free-throw violation: A rule infraction committed during a free-throw attempt or before the ball becomes live. Violations by the shooter or other players can cancel an attempt or change possession.
Bonus (basketball): A team-foul state in which certain defensive fouls award free throws, even when no shot was attempted. The bonus makes ordinary fouls a source of free throws.

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